Electronic Medical Record Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

How Does SAT Essay Length Affect Your Score

How Does SAT Essay Length Affect Your Score SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Valid or False: Since article length isn't referenced in the SAT exposition evaluating rubric, it doesn’t matter the amount you write in your paper. Answer: True...but additionally bogus. Peruse on for a clarification of why and how the length of your SAT article can influence your score. highlight picture credit: How long by Martin Abegglen, utilized under CC BY-SA 2.0/Cropped adjusted from unique. For what reason Does Essay Length Matter? For what reason would you feel that exposition length even issues in any case? As I said in the presentation, it's not as though the SAT article rubric makes reference to paper length by any stretch of the imagination. All things considered, there's at any rate one valid justification to think this: exposition length is emphatically connected with paper score. Since the time the exposition was added to the SAT, ebb and flow MIT examine offshoot (and previous chief of the MIT undergrad composing program) Les Perelman has been vocal about how the more drawn out an article is, the more probable it is to get a higher score. As indicated by this 2005 New York Times article by Michael Winerip, Perelman examined the lengths and scores of 54 SAT-endorsed test expositions and found an about 90% connection. The briefest expositions (around 100 words) got the most reduced conceivable score, 1 (or a joined score of 2 out of 12), while the longest articles (around 400 words), got the most elevated score, a 6 (or a consolidated score of 12 out of 12). In light of these discoveries, delegates of the CollegeBoard expressed that they would be discharging shorter instances of higher-scoring papers. This contention originally ejected in mid 2005, directly after the new SAT article was presented. To check whether there had been any progressions from that point forward, I did my own examination of the expositions in the CollegeBoard's article scoring guide that were totally written in light of the example brief. Investigate what I found: Reward diagram perusing practice for you in this, an article on papers. The pleasure is all mine. As should be obvious, as exposition length (estimated by word include in the chart above) expands, the score likewise increments. Because longer expositions will in general score better, be that as it may, doesn’t imply that you should simply compose the word â€Å"ideology† again and again to top off the page. The explanation longer papers will in general score better is that understudies who compose longer articles offer more help for their propositions. In the event that this is the exposition brief: Is it essential to scrutinize the thoughts and choices of individuals in places of power, and all you compose is the accompanying: It's essential to address authority in light of the fact that occasionally authority prevents you from doing things you need. Like getting a horse. I need a horse. I need a horse. I need a horse. I need a horse. for two pages, you'll despite everything get a 0. Perhaps a 1, if the grader is feeling liberal and imagines that you made some endeavor to expound on the issue examined in a brief. For additional on the manner of thinking of paper evaluating, read our article about bits of knowledge from genuine SAT exposition graders. So also, in the event that you attempt to haul out one model by composing bigger than expected and repeating similar realities and data again and again, it won't naturally get you a higher score. Truth be told, you may lose focuses if both of your paper's graders imagine that your rehashing of data prompts absence of cognizance in your composition. Regardless, except if you have amazingly little penmanship, it’s extremely hard to compose an article that presents a proposal and supports it with at any rate two explicit models in under one page. Messy hair day by Brian Snelson, utilized under CC BY 2.0/Cropped from unique. Truly, however. See that face. Wouldn't you need a horse? So How Long Should Your Essay Be? Numerous variables go into deciding article length, which makes it hard to give a sweeping length proposal. Here are the most significant variables with regards to length of your SAT exposition: Jargon. Regularly, the further developed vocab you use, the less words you’ll need to take care of business, which may bring about a shorter article. Penmanship size. Understudies with bigger penmanship will normally occupy more room on the page than understudies with littler penmanship. This doesn't really mean understudies with bigger penmanship have a preferred position, be that as it may; actually, understudies with bigger penmanship will in general run into the issue of having filled two pages and not completed the process of saying all that they required or needed to state. How quick you can compose and think. On the off chance that you have to take more time to design out your article, you may wind up composing a shorter paper, basically in light of the fact that you don't have as much time to compose. That doesn't really imply that you'll do more terrible on the paper - since a composed exposition with solid explicit models will score superior to a disordered one without explicit models - however it means that you may wind up with less time to work out your thoughts. How much time you leave yourself to compose (versus how much time you take to design). This is something you have to make sense of for yourself through training and perception. Throughout the years, I've understood that I can compose decently fast, which implies that it's alright on the off chance that I set aside somewhat more effort to design out my article - I'll despite everything have the option to top off those two pages. Then again, in the event that you find that you're a moderate author, you probably won't have the option to compose enough except if you get quick at arranging your article. As a rule, expecting around 150 words for each written by hand page, you have to compose at any rate a page and a half (1.5 pages) to get a 3 or above on your article (or a consolidated score of 6 or above). You'll require at any rate that much space to state what you have to state and bolster it unmistakably with solid models. What’s Next? Need to discover progressively about how to compose a decent SAT exposition? Watch us compose a top-scoring paper bit by bit, at that point look at our tips on the best way to compose a since a long time ago SAT exposition just as our increasingly broad SAT article tips. Find the key to getting an ideal 12 on your SAT article here. Imagine a scenario where you're anticipating taking the new SAT. Peruse our breakdown of the new SAT paper here. Need to quit fooling around about improving your SAT score? We have the main online SAT prep program that will raise your score by 160+ focuses, ensured. Select to our program, we have a specialist SAT educator grade every one of your SAT expositions and give you redid input on the most proficient method to improve your score. Look at our 5-day let loose preliminary and sign for nothing:

What Is Your Debt-to-Income Ratio

What Is Your Debt-to-Income Ratio What Is Your Debt-to-Income Ratio? What Is Your Debt-to-Income Ratio?If youre applying for a mortgage loan, an auto loan, or even just a regular personal loan, lenders will be looking at your DTI to see whether or not you can afford it.When it comes to the numbers that rule your financial life, you’re probably familiar with the big ones like your credit score: Even if you don’t have good credit, you still know that you should try to keep your score as high as possible.But there’s another important number that you might not be so familiar with: your debt-to-income ratio. And while it’s luckily one of the simpler money metrics out thereâ€"unlike, say, your credit scoreâ€"it can have massively important implications for your financial future.What is the debt-to-income ratio?“Your debt-to-income ratio (known as DTI) is an important financial metric that you really do need to understand, explained CFP Patricia Russell, founder personal finance blog,  FinanceMarvel. And while some financial termsâ€"like “amortiz ation” for instanceâ€"can be slightly opaque, your debt-to-income ration is not one of them.“In simple terms, your DTI ratio is all of your monthly debt payments divided by your gross monthly income (expressed as a percentage), said Russell. This metric or ratio is heavily scrutinized by lenders to assess your ability to service your monthly repayments on the money you have borrowed.”It’s important to emphasize that your DTI doesn’t measure your total debt load to your total yearly income. Instead, as Russell laid out, it measures the amount of money you’re obligated to pay towards that debt every month against your monthly income.“It’s a ratio that affects your ability to access a loan,” said millennial money expert Robert Farrington, founder of TheCollegeInvestor.com (@CollegeInvestin). The basic idea is if you have too much debt relative to your income, lenders might hesitate or refuse to give you the credit you need for a large purchase.”“Your debt-to-incom e ratio (DTI) most often comes up when buying a house,” he continued, “but it is also considered by potential landlords or lessors of cars. By pulling your credit report, someone can calculate your DTI and decide whether to loan, rent, or lease to you.”What kind of debts and income count?According to Farrington, the debt obligations factored into your DTI are those that fall under the category of recurring debt, or debts that you can’t simply cancel at any time.“This includes mortgage, rent, car loans, personal loans, monthly minimum credit card payments, alimony, child support, and, of course, student loans. These are debts that are not going to go away until you’ve fully repaid them,” he said.And which debts do not count towards your DTI?“Despite the fact that you may have contracts with your internet, cable, or phone provider, you can technically pull the plug on these services any time, so they do not count. Nor do other kinds of utilities like electricity and wa ter,” said Farrington.He also went to explain which sources of income count towards the other half of the ratio. In short, it doesn’t just have to money that you earn from a job. “Your income can include not just wages, salary, and tips, but also alimony and child support, Social Security benefits, and pension,” he said. “Pretty much any money you take in on a monthly basis on the books can be considered income.”How can you calculate your DTI?Knowing what a DTI is won’t do you a ton of good if you can’t figure out how to calculate it. Luckily, figuring out your DTI is pretty simple and doesn’t require a financial advisor.“To calculate, one simply takes all debt payments and divides by gross monthly income,” said Robert R. Johnson, Professor of Finance in the  Heider College of Business, Creighton University  (@CreightonBiz). “This includes all debt paymentsâ€"mortgages, student loans, auto loans, credit cards, etc.”To give you an idea of what this process l ooks like, Farrington helpfully provided the following example:  â€œIf you have $1,000 per month in debt obligations and $3,200 per month in income, divide 1,000 by 3,200 and your answer is .3125. Round that to .31, multiply by 100, and you have a 31 percent DTI ratioâ€"Meaning that 31 percent of your income is taken by debt obligations per month.”What is a good debt-to-income ratio?When lenders are looking at your DTI, it’s to help them determine whether or not you can pay back the loan you’re applying forâ€"the same goes for landlords. As such, you want to try and keep your DTI fairly low. But the thresholds for what is an acceptable ratio can change depending on what kind of loan (or lease) you are applying for.When it comes to applying for a mortgage loan, Farrington cites Fannie Mae guidelines that say 50 percent is the acceptable DTI ceiling for prospective homebuyers. But just because 50 percent is the ceiling, doesn’t mean you shouldn’t aim lower. And the data back s that up.“According to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), the highest ratio a borrower can have and still be eligible for a Qualified Mortgage is 43 percent,” said Johnson. And, a Qualified Mortgage is a category of loans that have certain, more stable features that help make it more likely that the borrower will be able to afford the loan.“According to the CFPB, evidence from studies of mortgage loans suggests that borrowers with a higher debt-to-income ratio are more likely to run into trouble making monthly payments,” he added.”If you’re looking to take out an auto loan, Farrington says that a DTI of 36 percent or below is ideal to get a reasonable deal. Meanwhile, if you’re applying to rent a house or an apartment, he cautioned that DTI will vary, largely by location and property owner.“Many landlords will require that the rent will amount to no more than 33 percent of your income. Some may be more lenient and go up to 45 percent or 50 percent,” he said.If youre looking for a good overall ratio to set as your goal, aim for something just south of 30 percent. “An ideal ratio is generally around 28 percent although as mentioned above lenders will accept a higher ratio depending on other factors including your credit score, your savings levels, other assets you own,” advised Russell.But she also warned that folks shouldn’t necessarily count on a good credit score saving you from a high DTI: “Whilst credit bureaus dont look at your DTI ratio, often a borrower who has a DTI ratio also has a high credit utilization ratio which does count for around 30 percent of your credit score..Johnson agreed with 28 percent figure, while also reiterating that the lower your ratio was, the better off you’ll be.How can you improve your DTI?If you’re looking to take out a big loan and you have a high debt-to-income ratio, it’s probably best to wait. In the meantime, Russell shared three ways that people can tackle their debt and im prove their DTI.“Create a budget to track your spending:  By keeping track of exactly where your money is going, you will often find unnecessary and extravagant daily expenses. This could be something as simple as a daily $5 coffee, which over a year is $1,825 that could go towards paying down your debts.”“Prepared a strategy to pay off your debt:  My two favorite methods are the snowball and avalanche methods. How the snowball method works is that you start by paying off your smallest debt first whilst making the minimum payments on your other loans. Once you have paid off the smallest you then work your way onto the next one etc. With the Avalanche method, you focus on paying off the loan with the highest interest rate first. Whichever method you choose its important to stick with it.”“Dont take on more debt:  In order to get your debts under control, you need to avoid the temptation of taking on more debts. Dont rack up unnecessary credit card debts and avoid major purc hases like a new car on finance. New loans will really hurt your DTI ratio and wont help your credit rating either.”Paying down your debt is important for your financial health. But it might not be wise to throw yourself into debt repayment if it means foregoing other important financial priorities.“Achieving financial security is not a linear process,” said Johnson. By that, I mean that you often have to work on several competing goals at once. For instance, some people are so intent on extinguishing their credit card debtâ€"certainly a worthy goalâ€"that they choose not to participate in a workplace 401k plan.“A 401k plan affords the participant many advantages,” he continued. First, the contributions made reduce your income tax bill by reducing taxable income.  Second, if the employer matches contributionsâ€"essentially you receive an immediate 100 percent return on investment. When one doesn’t participate in an employee matching plan, one is essentially turning down free money.”Your DTI is important, but so is saving for retirement, building an emergency fund, and a whole host of other financial priorities. Take things slow and steady, and you should come out a winner on the other end. And to learn more about how you can build a brighter financial future, check out these other posts and articles from OppLoans:Building Your Financial Life: Budgeting for BeginnersSave More Money with These 40 Expert TipsThe Debt Snowball Method Can Help You Get out of DebtHow to Raise Your Credit Score by 100 PointsDo you have a   personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |  InstagramContributors???????Robert Farrington is a Millennial Money Expert and Founder of TheCollegeInvestor.com (@CollegeInvestin). He focuses on helping people get out of student loan debt to start investing and building wealth early.Robert R. Johnson, PhD, CFA, CAIA is a Professor of Finance in the  Heider College of Bus iness, Creighton University  (@CreightonBiz). He is also Chairman and CEO of Economic Index Associates, home to a new paradigm in Index investing. Dr. Johnson is the co-author of the books Invest With the Fed, Strategic Value Investing, Investment Banking for Dummies, and The Tools and Techniques of Investment Planning.Patricia Russell is a Certified Financial Planner (CFP) and the founder of the personal finance blog,  FinanceMarvel, which provides free financial advice on managing credit, debit and savings. Patricia has more than 10 years experience in helping families and individuals take control of their personal finances and achieve financial independence.

One Of The Most Recognizable Artists Of All Time For His

One of the most recognizable artists of all time for his post-impressionist work came from Vincent van Gogh. Van Gogh was born in Groot Zundert, Holland on March 30th, 1853, brought to life from a pastor as a father which immediately placed Van Gogh into a religious setting and created a cultural surrounding. Van Gogh was what some would say as â€Å"soft† during childhood, making him very emotional that set his downfall of zero confidence and could not find his place in the world. As a child, Van Gogh could never really find his place among the other kids and community, always living in the shadows away from the crowd, is what some say started his visions for his paintings. Van Gogh’s father always pursued him into the career of religion, as†¦show more content†¦This would be Van Gogh’s strong suit when it came to painting. The Potato Eaters consisted of five figures surrounding a table at dinner time, four females and one male. Random characteristics l ittered the painting especially when it came to facial gestures, sensing off of a more bleak poverty look. Using dark colors to a light center, he was able to concentrate the looker towards certain areas of his painting. Van Gogh would then head to Antwerp where he would consume many Japanese prints and that was where he would embrace the work of Rubens, only to idolize for his works of art. Around the time of 1886, Van Gogh would journey to Paris to meet up with his long-lost brother named Theo who was ironically the manager of a gallery called â€Å"Goupil’s.† Arriving in Paris was one of the stepping stones to Van Gogh’s career, as he would soon meet and analyze the work of Cormon, Gauguin, Pissaro and the ever popular Monet. Now that Van Gogh has analyzed and researched his fair share of artworks and artists that were based off of impressionism, Van Gogh would then try to join the ranks and create his own stunning masterpieces. Impressionism at the time was a summary of lightening the dark aspects of the artwork, letting things jump. Short brushstrokes were a necessity in this line of work, but Van Gogh would soon learn that we would never be able to mimic such impressive work, butShow MoreRelatedThe Museum Of Fine Arts1106 Words   |  5 Pagesartworks that depict a specific period in human development and cultural aspects. The variety was very helpful and the process to narrow down the search of a painting of my choice became less difficult. The painting that I choose was made by an American artist named Stuart Davis Untitled (Black and White Variation on Windshield Mirror). Davis’s painting was extremely peculiar and I wanted to further examine its properties. The Untitled has three characteristics that are unique: Davis’s background for creatingRead MoreJoe Tilsons Nine Elements1565 Words   |  7 PagesNational Gallery of Modern Art One, and has resided there since. Nine Elements consist of a wooden relief separated into a three-by-three matrix with paintings and wooden cut outs of everyday symbols representing abstract, sense and concepts, and three tower of flame above them painted using bright candy paint. As previously mentioned the objects depicted within the three by three grid represent conceptual elements of everyday life such as sight, sound, hearing, touch, time, and chance. The eye withRead MoreAttention Getter : The American Culture1387 Words   |  6 Pagesand objects for granted we don t necessarily realize the impact and importance to have on our life and how we live vicariously through them. Today I m going to talk about one man that took these concepts into his artistic ability and thereby created a whole new culture in what we see is art today. This man who is considered one of the fathers of pop art goes by the name of Andy Warhol. or When we eat a slice of pizza we tend to wash it down with a bottle of Coke when we re feeling sick we tend toRead MoreLeonardo Da Vinci And The Renaissance Period1455 Words   |  6 Pagesboy would become one of the world’s greatest mind and artist? Leonardo Da Vinci was born on April 14, 1452 in the town of Vinci near Florence Italy. He lived during the fifteenth century, a period when the people of Europe were becoming interested in art that was known as the Renaissance period (1). Leonardo was well renowned for many other occupations such as a sculpture, architect, engineer, inventor and scientist. However, some of his most famous and brilliant work are from his paintings. LeonardoRead More The Meaning of Abstract Art Essay1105 Words   |  5 Pagesrepresentational painting portrays recognizable objects, abstract painting does not look like a particular object. Instead, abstract art is made up of designs, shapes and colors. (http://www.harley.com/art/abstract-art/ ) The m eaning of abstract art is, in its most simplified form, art that relies on the emotions of the artist and the elements of design rather than exact representation. This broad definition allows artists almost unlimited freedom of expression. Some abstract artists create compositions thatRead MoreThe Meaning of Abstract Art1215 Words   |  5 Pagesrepresentational painting portrays recognizable objects, abstract painting does not look like a particular object. Instead, abstract art is made up of designs, shapes and colors. (http://www.harley.com/art/abstract-art/ ) The meaning of abstract art is, in its most simplified form, art that relies on the emotions of the artist and the elements of design rather than exact representation. This broad definition allows artists almost unlimited freedom of expression. Some abstract artists create compositions thatRead MoreAndy Warhol s Influence On Modern Art1561 Words   |  7 PagesWhen studying artists, styles of art and their respective time period, it is always important to find a few key artists that were responsible for the rise of new art trends. Traditionally, art has often a reflection of the most important elements within its respective time period, such as wars, religions, royalty, culture and expression. This is why the study of art history is needs to look deeper than simply understanding how certain artworks were created. Among the various artists studied in theRead MoreMotek On The Radar Artist Of The Month Summary1609 Words   |  7 PagesOn the Radar Artist of the Month 2.8k likes on Facebook profile https://www.facebook.com/MrotekDJ/ 1k followers on Instagram https://www.instagram.com/mrotek_media/ 300~ followers on Soundcloud https://soundcloud.com/mrotekdj Signed with DWX Anarchy - raw sub-label of Dirty Workz Records Genre: Raw Hardstyle (rawstyle) Scottsdale, Arizona, USA Playing in HTX on December 29th - https://www.facebook.com/events/490263074677492/ Welcome to the first ever edition of On the Radar Artist of the MonthRead MorePicasso s Influence On The 20th Century1160 Words   |  5 PagesPablo Picasso is a legacy, known for his works of paintings, sculptures, collages, drawings, etchings, and ceramics. He is a Spanish born artist who eventually moved to France in 1900 where he the rest of his life. Picasso is one of the most known artists in the world of modern art with the most distinct and recognizable style. More than 45,000 of his works were discovered in his home in Paris. Picasso’s work was discovered to critics when a selection from the collection was exhibited in Paris inRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Same Love By Mackkleore Ryan Lewis827 Words   |  4 Pagescommon question in today’s popular culture is â€Å"what is your jam?† Most of the time the response will be a song that the person most enjoys listening to or singing along to. However, what this question should mean is, â€Å"what is the song that most relates to you, the one that perfectly explains your thoughts.† We often get so caught up in asking, â€Å"what’s the story here?† in articles, movies, and television shows, but it’s about time that we ask the same question with the music that we call our â€Å"jam†

Learning Theories, Behaviorism, Constructivism,...

The point of this paper is to detail the three commonly used learning theories (Behaviorism, Cognitivism and Constructivism) on online courses. The description of the implication of these learning theories can add to the procedure of learning for the learner. Online learning has developed quickly in the previous couple of years in schools obliging educators to learn compelling approaches to fabricate online groups of learners. There are obstructions to avoid and key segments to incorporate, while making online learning environments. In this paper, these three speculations are depicted to put it plainly, and suggestions for acknowledging online courses are determined Keywords: Learning theories, Behaviorism, Constructivism, Cognitivism and e-Learning. Introduction : e- learning has attained so much of importance in past few years. As per the name, ‘e’ in e-learning represents electronic learning i.e., whatever the knowledge an individual acquires is all through browsing the internet. Hence, it is also called as Online learning. E-learning is the conveyance of training including the exercises of direction, instructing, learning and evaluation through different electronic media . E-learning is recognized as one of the rising zones as appeared by method for concrete numbers and has ended up being critical for instructive foundations and additionally for organizations as highlighted by concrete application situations. For instance, a student can get constant preparingShow MoreRelatedLearning Theories And Their Application816 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent learning theories and their application in e-learning are discussed in this paper. This paper provides a clear idea of learning and the various learning theories which helps people in the acquisition of knowledge through their environments; and also the history and the role of significant people involved in the development of those theories. It also provides the information about the role of these theories in the process of making e-learning materials, or in the process of e-learning. Read MoreTeaching Philosophy, Theories, And Pedagogies Work For Your Teaching Style Essay1618 Words   |  7 Pagesto discover what teaching philosophy, theories, and pedagogies work for your teaching style. â€Å"The best way to teach† is unique to each individual teacher. Even so, there are some aspects of teaching that are important to being an effective teacher. Some of the facets I will be discussing include understanding the Concordia University Educator as Professional Decision Maker, Reflective†¨Practitioner, and Adaptive Expert conceptual framework, learning theories to consider, and effective classroom practicesRead MoreBehaviorism contends that desired behavior from people is formed by the actions and reactions of1000 Words   |  4 PagesBehaviorism contends that desired behavior from people is formed by the actions and reactions of other people rather than an individual’s own free will. This means that by carefully and deliberately shaping desirable behavior, morality and information is learned by individual, so important causes of, and motivations for behavior lie outside, rather than within an individual. Therefore for behaviorists, all learning is observable and measurable. Learning occurs in a behaviorist classroom as a resultRead MoreImplications For Behaviorist Online Learning1087 Words   |  5 Pages Implications for behaviorist online learning: †¢ Learners ought to be told the express results of the realizing with the goal that they can set desires and can decide for themselves regardless of whether they have accomplished the result of the online lesson. †¢ Learners must be tried to figure out if or not they have accomplished the learning result. Internet testing or different types of testing and appraisal ought to be coordinated into the learning grouping to check the learner s accomplishmentRead MoreTechnology, Elearning And Implications Of Learning Theories1847 Words   |  8 Pagesand Implications of Learning Theories Sagar Gadkari Southern Illinois University, Carbondale – IL Abstract: The aim of this paper is to describe the core learning theories and their implications on online learning or eLearning. The paper will also look at how technology can be leveraged for knowledge acquisition under Constructivism theory and how technology can help in learning and knowledge management. Analysis of various theories and their implications on online learning and as well as efficientRead More Behaviorism, Constructivism, and Cognitivism: Multiple Approaches To Learning2092 Words   |  9 PagesA. Behaviorism, constructivism and cognitivism are relatively common theories used in the classroom as ways to approach student learning. Behaviorism focuses on observable behavior, such as students answering questions correctly, or being able to follow directions to complete a task as instructed. Characteristics of a classroom that uses behaviorism might be memorization of facts, writing vocabulary words, or a token reward system to inspire the desired behavior and decrea se undesired behaviorsRead MoreApplying Learning Theories3548 Words   |  15 PagesIntroduction to Learning Theories EDU622-0603A-01: Applying Learning Theories Unit 1 IP Dr. Trude Fawson American Intercontinental University June 17, 2006 Introduction How do we come to know what we know? What is knowledge? These questions are important not only for epistemologists or philosophers who study knowledge, but, as well for those interested in the sciences and education. Whether knowledge is seen as absolute, separate from the knower and corresponding to a knowable, external realityRead MoreLearning Theories1279 Words   |  6 Pagescan work on the short â€Å"e† the student needs to be able to identify the letters in the alphabet from A-Z. He also needs to know the consonant letter sounds. The students will need to be able to apply consonant letter sounds when reading words. The student will be able to apply the short â€Å"e† sound to sight words. The teacher will teach the student a mini lesson on the short â€Å"e† vowel sound. The teacher and the student will together for a long period of time on the short â€Å"e.† The teacher letRead MoreLanguage Learning Methods Of Listening3137 Words   |  13 PagesCOGNITIVIST, METACOGNITIVIST AND BEHAVIORISTIC BASED LANGUAGE LEARNING METHODS Listening Comprehension in Cognitivist, Meta-Cognitivist and Behavioristic Based Language Learning Methods Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch Khonein University Professor: Dr. Rajabi December 14, 2011 Abstract The study tried to show the role of listening comprehension in cognitivist, meta-cognitivist and behavioristic based language learning methods. Reviewing the literature it was found that listeningRead MoreAn Introduction To Psychology . The American Psychological1758 Words   |  8 Pagesin 1917 (Anderson 1929).Psycology was established separately from the General science like biology and philosophy. The different schools of psychology was to represent the major theories within psychology. Wundt was able to form one of the many systems of psychology; structuralism. Along with existentialism, behaviorism and functionalism which are just a few of the traditional schools and systems of psychology. These schools of psychology have influence human knowledge and understanding of psychology

A Documentary Film Free Essays

In modern world, social dimensions are manifested in the ability of media to control the circulation of ideas about economic and political events, social problems and ethical issue. Documentary films play a special role in filmmaking unveiling vital problems of modern mankind or informing the audience about historical or social events, outstanding personalities and their historical significance. It is known fact that people copy or borrow their identities from the media, and very often social images are misrepresented and just exploited by the media. We will write a custom essay sample on A Documentary Film or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this case, the aim of documentary genre is to inform the audience about current problems and social troubles. The genre of documentary appeared at the beginning of XX century. The documentary film movement had a great impact on filmmaking during the 1930s and 1940s, and was a response to social and economic conditions faced by many nations around the world. Taking into account British filmmaking, critics suggest that: â€Å"the movement and its leader played a pivotal role in stifling the growth of a critical British film culture, and in establishing a realist paradigm which critically marginalised the avant-garde† (Aitken, 1998, p. 1).   Getting the message across, not just through ascetic lectures but getting the right images as well documentaries can speak volumes to a greater number of people across the globe. Where documentaries are largely responsible for promoting the culture, one can still trust their power to reverse it to bring a certain outlook of current events avoiding unnecessary blames and aggression. There are no strict guidelines for producers to follow. Alan Rosenthal (2002) admits that: â€Å"In the last twenty years, tremendous changes have taken place in documentary and nonfiction filmmaking, including changes in subject matter, form, and the very way in which documentaries and industrial films are made† (p.1). In general, the main idea of the documentary is to portray the real social and historical images and social problems. According to Michelson (1984): â€Å"In fact, the film is only the sum of the facts recorded on film, or, if you like, not merely the sum, but the product, a ‘higher mathematics’ of facts† (Michelson 1984:84 cited Bruzzi, 2000, P. 11). The documentary genre is based on the idea to create â€Å"the authentic representation of the real† (Bruzzi, 2000, p. 9). This is achieved through specific techniques and methods which help to recreate authentic atmosphere in order to appeal to emotions of viewers and their feelings through emotional tension and deep experience. The remarkable feature of modern documentary films is that producers select techniques and cinematographic tools according to plot development and meaning of the film. Usually, the plot structure of documentaries is clearly set out, with few diversions of sub-plot and with fairly obvious contrasts of characters. It can consist of several frames which force the viewer to rethink the events and interpret them in a different manner according to behavior and thoughts of the narrator (Bruzzi, 2000). Similar to fiction genre, the main thematic elements of documentaries include: theme and focus which frame events and facts depicted in the film. The themes of documentaries can be interpreted as responses towards problems and issues under discussion. Evaluating the themes, producers try to unveil important problems which marked the film. For instance, in the documentary â€Å"Bowling for Columbine†, Michael Moore portrays extreme violence and hostility of modern youth toward other people based on wrong media images and social indifference. How to cite A Documentary Film, Papers

A Documentary Film Free Essays

In modern world, social dimensions are manifested in the ability of media to control the circulation of ideas about economic and political events, social problems and ethical issue. Documentary films play a special role in filmmaking unveiling vital problems of modern mankind or informing the audience about historical or social events, outstanding personalities and their historical significance. It is known fact that people copy or borrow their identities from the media, and very often social images are misrepresented and just exploited by the media. We will write a custom essay sample on A Documentary Film or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this case, the aim of documentary genre is to inform the audience about current problems and social troubles. The genre of documentary appeared at the beginning of XX century. The documentary film movement had a great impact on filmmaking during the 1930s and 1940s, and was a response to social and economic conditions faced by many nations around the world. Taking into account British filmmaking, critics suggest that: â€Å"the movement and its leader played a pivotal role in stifling the growth of a critical British film culture, and in establishing a realist paradigm which critically marginalised the avant-garde† (Aitken, 1998, p. 1).   Getting the message across, not just through ascetic lectures but getting the right images as well documentaries can speak volumes to a greater number of people across the globe. Where documentaries are largely responsible for promoting the culture, one can still trust their power to reverse it to bring a certain outlook of current events avoiding unnecessary blames and aggression. There are no strict guidelines for producers to follow. Alan Rosenthal (2002) admits that: â€Å"In the last twenty years, tremendous changes have taken place in documentary and nonfiction filmmaking, including changes in subject matter, form, and the very way in which documentaries and industrial films are made† (p.1). In general, the main idea of the documentary is to portray the real social and historical images and social problems. According to Michelson (1984): â€Å"In fact, the film is only the sum of the facts recorded on film, or, if you like, not merely the sum, but the product, a ‘higher mathematics’ of facts† (Michelson 1984:84 cited Bruzzi, 2000, P. 11). The documentary genre is based on the idea to create â€Å"the authentic representation of the real† (Bruzzi, 2000, p. 9). This is achieved through specific techniques and methods which help to recreate authentic atmosphere in order to appeal to emotions of viewers and their feelings through emotional tension and deep experience. The remarkable feature of modern documentary films is that producers select techniques and cinematographic tools according to plot development and meaning of the film. Usually, the plot structure of documentaries is clearly set out, with few diversions of sub-plot and with fairly obvious contrasts of characters. It can consist of several frames which force the viewer to rethink the events and interpret them in a different manner according to behavior and thoughts of the narrator (Bruzzi, 2000). Similar to fiction genre, the main thematic elements of documentaries include: theme and focus which frame events and facts depicted in the film. The themes of documentaries can be interpreted as responses towards problems and issues under discussion. Evaluating the themes, producers try to unveil important problems which marked the film. For instance, in the documentary â€Å"Bowling for Columbine†, Michael Moore portrays extreme violence and hostility of modern youth toward other people based on wrong media images and social indifference. How to cite A Documentary Film, Papers

The Limits Of Globalization Essays - Cultural Geography,

The Limits Of Globalization THE LIMITS OF GLOBALIZATION Nowadays one of the most commonly used terms is globalization. But what does globalization mean? Does it mean dissappearing borders, a common trade unit, no tax in trade abroad, political awareness across the world, or, in extremes, even interfering with other countries' domestic affairs? In some ways globalization may be useful in creating a common sense of world citizenship, but useful to what extent? What are the possibilities, advantages and risks of such world citizenship? Are the United Nations and the European Union, stepping stones to globalization? Disappearing borders, in the economic meaning of the term can most clearly be seen today in Europe. The European Union restricts taxes on trade between members. Taking a step further the EU have decided on a common currency, the Euro , which became available at the beginning of 1999. This currency may economically be more functional but what aboutnational pride? All trade units display a country's well known heros or great personalities of them that the citizens respect for. How are the citizens going to respond to this kind of change time will show but nobody can say European countries are not nationalistic. There is a strong evidence on the contrary. One example is world war II, which started in the middle of Europe- -considered then the most civilized part of the world- because of Germany's belief in its national superiority. This unfortunate development took place just half a century ago.These European nation-states may seem to be getting along well for the time being because of fairly smilar economic levels but what will happen if one country's economic level drops or gets much better than the rest? Would the better ones pull up the worst to keep up with them or would those countries-having the best economy- want to carry the rest on their shoulders? Besides its economic ups and downs globalization has a tremendous effect on cultural values. World has a cultural diversity in itself. Every nation every country has its own traditions values practices of cultural activities. These create a diversity which every part of the world can be pointed out by their own characteristics. By the beginning 20th century with the effects of industrialization and common usage of communication devices and transpotation becoming faster and more comfortable economy started to play the most important role in a state's political policies. Trade became one of the main incomes of the countries and trade required close interaction between countries and decisions were started to be taken to ease traders by governments. This attitude of governments have led economic affairs to shape up cultural practices of states. As the cultures were revised by economy, stronger economies emposed their cultural practices to the weak ones. This if not stopped will continue until cultural erosion destroys cultural diversity over the world. The export of Western commodities, values, priorities, ways of life. In a process of unequal cultural encounter, 'foreign' populations have been compelled to be the subjects and subalterns of Western empire, while, no less significantly, the West has come to face with the 'alien' and exotic culture of its 'Other'. Globalization, as it dissolves the barriers of distance, makes the encounter of colonial center and colonized periphery immediate and intense (1995:108). The current century has seen a magnitude of rise and fall of political power and economical, political, social and structural changes, which without doubt have influenced any society's culture that was touched. From the imperial ages early this century, Europe in particular has seen the decline of the colonial power, the democratization and communization, the rise and fall of totalitarian, nationalistic and socialist regimes, and their decline. Europe has also experienced the fall from economic and political superpower, in a century that was for a long time been best characterized as the USSR-USA century. Equally Asia has been struck by fundamental changes: from the imperial China to the communist China, the rise of the Tiger Economies, the Vietnam war, the Korean war, the independence of India, the Iran Iraq war, the Gulf war,... to name just a few. Since economy plays the most important role or is the main criteria in a country's prestige and power; economically strong states started

National Origins Act

National Origins Act The National Origins Act, a component of the Immigration Act of 1924, was a law enacted on May 26, 1924, to greatly reduce the number of immigrants allowed to enter the United States by setting immigration quotas for each European nation. This immigration quota setting aspect of the 1924 law remains in effect today in the form of the per-country visa limits enforced by the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. Fast Facts: National Origins Act Short Description: Limited US immigration by imposing per-country quotasKey Players: US Presidents Woodrow Wilson and Warren Harding, US Senator William P. DillinghamStart Date: May 26, 1924 (enactment)Locations: United States Capitol Building, Washington, D.C.Key Cause: Post World War I isolationism Sentiment in the United States Immigration in the 1920s During the 1920s, the United States was experiencing a resurgence of anti-immigration isolationism. Many Americans objected to the growing numbers of immigrants being allowed to enter the county. The Immigration Act of 1907 had created the Dillingham Commission- named for its chairman, Republican Senator William P. Dillingham of Vermont- to review the effects of immigration on the United States. Issued in 1911, the commission’s report concluded that because it posed a serious threat to America’s social, cultural, physical, economic, and moral welfare, immigration from southern and eastern Europe should be drastically reduced.   Based on the Dillingham Commission report, the Immigration Act of 1917 imposed English literacy tests for all immigrants and completely barred immigration from most of Southeast Asia. However, when it became clear that literacy tests alone were not slowing the flow of Europe immigrants, Congress looked for a different strategy. Migration Quotas Based on the findings of the Dillingham Commission, Congress passed the Emergency Quota Act of 1921 creating immigration quotas. Under the law, no more than 3 percent of the total number of immigrants from any specific country already living in the United States, according to the 1910 decennial U.S. Census, were allowed to migrate to the United States during any calendar year. For example, if 100,000 people from a particular country lived in America in 1910, only 3,000 more (3 percent of 100,000) would have been allowed to migrate in 1921. Based on the total foreign-born U.S. population counted in the 1910 Census, the total number of visas available each year to new immigrants was set at 350,000 per year. However, the law set no immigration quotas whatsoever on countries in the Western Hemisphere. A cartoon showing Uncle Sam putting the Emergency Quota Act (aka the Johnson Quota Act) in place, 19th May 1921. The act limits the annual number of immigrants who can be admitted from any country to 3% of the number of persons from that country already living in the United States according to the census of 1910. MPI / Getty Images While the Emergency Quota Act sailed easily through Congress, President Woodrow Wilson, who favored a more liberal immigration policy, used the pocket veto to prevent its enactment. In March 1921, newly inaugurated President Warren Harding called a special session of Congress to pass the law, which was renewed for another two years in 1922. In passing the National Origins Act, legislators made no attempt to hide the fact that the law was to limit immigration specifically from the countries of southern and eastern Europe. During debates on the bill, Republican U.S. Representative from Kentucky John M. Robsion rhetorically asked, â€Å"How long shall America continue to be the garbage can and the dumping ground of the world?† Long-Term Effects of the Quota System Never intended to be permanent, the Emergency Quota Act of 1921 was replaced in 1924 by the National Origins Act. The law lowered the 1921 per-country immigration quotas from 3 percent to 2 percent of each national group residing America according to the 1890 Census. Using 1890 instead of 1910 census data allowed more people to migrate to America from countries in northern and western Europe than from countries in southern and eastern Europe. Immigration based exclusively on a national origin quota system continued until 1965, when the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) replaced it with the current, consular-based immigration system that factors in aspects such as the potential immigrants’ skills, employment potential, and family relationships with U.S. citizens or legal permanent U.S. residents. In conjunction with these â€Å"preferential† criteria, the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services also applies a per-country permanent immigration ceiling. Currently, no group of permanent immigrants from any single country can exceed seven percent of the total number of people immigrating to the United States in a single fiscal year. This quota is intended to prevent immigration patterns to the United States from being dominated by any one immigrant group. The following table shows the results of the INA’s current quotas on U.S. immigration in 2016: Region Immigrants (2016) % of Total Canada, Mexico, Central, and South America 506,901 42.83% Asia 462,299 39.06% Africa 113,426 9.58% Europe 93,567 7.9% Australia and Oceania 5,404 0.47% Source: US Department of Homeland Security - Office of Immigration Statistics On an individual basis, the three countries sending the most immigrants into the United States in 2016 were Mexico (174,534), China (81,772), and Cuba (66,516). According to the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, current U.S. immigration policies and quotas are intended to keep families together, admit immigrants with skills that are valuable to the U.S. economy, protect refugees, and promote diversity. Sources How the United States Immigration System Works. American Immigration Council (2016). â€Å"1921 Emergency Quota Law.† The University of Washington-Bothell Library.Congressional Record Proceedings and Debates, Third Session of the Sixty-Sixth Congress, Volume 60, Parts 1-5. (â€Å"How long shall America continue to be the garbage can and the dumping ground of the world?†).Higham, John. â€Å"Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism.† New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1963.Kammer, Jerry. The Hart-Celler Immigration Act of 1965. Center for Immigration Studies (2015).

Direct and Indirect Objects

Direct and Indirect Objects Direct and Indirect Objects Direct and Indirect Objects By Maeve Maddox A transitive verb takes its name from the fact that its action goes â€Å"across† from the verb to a receiver of the action. The receiver of the action is called an object. Transitive verbs can take two kinds of object: â€Å"Direct Object (DO)† and â€Å"Indirect Object (IO).† Direct Objects A direct object may be a noun, pronoun, phrase, or clause. In order to identify the direct object, take the verb and ask the question â€Å"verb what?† or â€Å"verb whom?†: The lovely green crocodile swallowed the unwary swimmer. Question: â€Å"Swallowed what?† Answer: â€Å"the unwary swimmer.† The direct object is the noun swimmer and the words that go with it. The direct object can be a gerund or an infinitive phrase: His son likes repairing cars. (gerund, DO of likes) I want to write a best-selling novel. (infinitive phrase, DO of want) The direct object can be a noun clause: Mary Lou hates when her mother makes her clean the cat pan. (noun clause, DO of hates) I thought that you were going to pick me up after school. (noun clause, DO of thought) Please explain why you painted the garage pink. (noun clause, DO of explain) Indirect Objects An indirect object may be a noun or a pronoun. The Indirect Object does not receive the action of the verb; it receives the Direct Object. The verb is still the clue for identifying the Indirect Object. The question to ask is â€Å"Verb to† or â€Å"for What/Whom?† Uncle Scrooge left his nephews all his money. Question: â€Å"left to or for whom?† Answer: â€Å"his nephews† The Indirect Object is the noun nephews and the adjective that goes with it. When a transitive verb has both a direct object and an indirect object, the indirect object will usually come directly after the verb. Here are some more examples of Indirect Objects (in boldface): Sheherazade told the sultan a marvelous story. The construction engineer built his daughter a house. You have lain around the house long enough; get yourself a job. Here are some common words that take an indirect object with the â€Å"to† implied: award give grant hand lend offer owe tell promise pass show teach throw Here are some common verbs that take an indirect object with â€Å"for† implied: build buy catch choose cook find get make order peel pour save Both Direct and Indirect objects are said to be in the Accusative Case. Older terminology would classify nouns and pronouns used as Indirect Objects as being in the Dative Case. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar 101 category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Addressing A Letter to Two PeopleBody Parts as Tools of MeasurementMay Have vs. Might Have

Evaluate the authorities' handling of the 'Alex Nord' case. How would Essay

Evaluate the authorities' handling of the 'Alex Nord' case. How would you have handled this case - Essay Example Disturbed childhood with numerous problems in the house and parent-child relationship can greatly put a child at the risk of developing this disease (Rutter 1998). If a parent is suffering from this disorder or AOD misuse disorder, this can provide the child with a role model to follow, and can enhance his abnormal activities (MedicineNet). Discord between parents or between a parent and the child, or asymmetric parent behavior and attention patterns to the child can trigger an inclination towards antisocial behavior in the child (Rutter 1998). The diagnosis of this disorder is a crucial and very serious matter, as this disease, whereas grave in its nature, has no definite treatment (MedicineNet). People suffering from this disease do not readily opt for treatment and therapy, and often have to be forced to do so, especially by the law (MedicineNet). Medication has proved to be an ineffective means of curing the disease, as firstly, there is no definite medication for this, and secondly, any medicines that may be given can be, and often are, abused or neglected by the patient, so they prove ineffective (MedicineNet). The only workable method if treatment is through psychotherapy of the patient, either individual or in groups_ depending upon the particular case and the needs of the individual_ combined with in-house and outpatient treatments, vocational training programs, and participation in long-term group therapies (MedicineNet). This treatment method, though not completely curable, does help tremendously in leading the individual toward a more normal lifestyle, and helping him pinpoint his problems and abnormal behavior so that he can make an effort to abstain from such activities in the future. Often this disorder wanes with age, with patients reduced to just substance abusers (MedicineNet). The Alex Nord Case: the case under consideration is that of a 24 year old man, named Alex Nord, who has been diagnosed with antisocial

Entrepreneurship in the Global Environment Essay

Entrepreneurship in the Global Environment - Essay Example Both for commercial and non-commercial purposes, internet media sites or companies, supported social media, have turned out to be giant multinational firms. Mark Elliot Zuckerberg is one, among the five skilful and innovative co-founders of Facebook. As recorded in April 2013, Zuckerberg had become the chief executive and the chairman of Facebook Inc. Thus, Zuckerberg is a corporate entrepreneur of the famous publicly traded company (in National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations). Zuckerberg is the living example that emphasizes the fact that a common student of Harvard University can actually be creative enough to promote such a famous company and acquire a net worth of about US $19 billion. Zuckerberg belonged to a middle income family in White Plains, New York. His mother was a psychiatrist and his father was a doctor. Right from his early age, he had special interest in computer related affairs. At the age of 12 years, he used the software of Atari BASIC to m ake a special message program named â€Å"Zucknet†. Despite his interest in computers, Zuckerberg had excelled in literature studies. In his school life, he had invented the special music software named â€Å"Synapse†. ... In his university life, Zuckerberg had introduced a special program named â€Å"CourseMatch†. This software helped the students to find their classes on the basis of the different selected sources. Later on, he even invented special software that was related to social networking. Finally, with the help of some of his friends, Zuckerberg invented the special software of Facebook within his university days. Overtime, this social network has become popular among millions of users, thereby turning Zuckerberg into a corporate business entrepreneur (Migliorisi and College, n.d.). According to the view of the researcher, Zuckerberg sets the best example of an entrepreneur. It is highly rational to analyze his entrepreneurial skills. Zuckerberg even possess high quality of personal skills. An entrepreneur would only be successful in the long run if he has good personal habits and knowledge. The above profile of the person explains that he has the best of knowledge and personal skills that are all required for an entrepreneur. He also possesses the crucial skill of effective communication which facilitates the promotion of his invention and creativity to millions of individuals today. Zuckerberg is a living legend in the business world and his contribution in the corporate, social and economic fields is priceless. Facebook, in the current epoch, is not only used for the purpose of social communication, but is also valid for the usage of business-to-business as well as business-to-consumer transactions. Zuckerberg is not only creative in nature, but is also a good leader in the industry. He is the best living example that enumerates the true power of human capital in the world. Similarly like economic capital, produced means of production, human

A True Patriot: Walt Whitman Essay -- essays research papers fc

A True Patriot: Walt Whitman When one talks of great American Poets, if the person has any since of intelligence, then they can in now way fail to mention Walt Whitman. Whitman is unmistakingly a great American poet, So great, that Ralph Waldo Emerson said that he was an â€Å"American Shakespeare† (Tucker 247). While the debate still goes on about that comment, there is no debate about the greatness of Whitman. Walt Whitman was born in West Hills, NY on May 31, 1819 on Long Island. He was the second of nine children. He never developed a close relationship with his father, but he was very close to his mother. When he was four, he moved to Brooklyn where he went to school for six years and, when he was eleven, dropped out and began work as a clerk in a Law Office. Shortly thereafter, he became a typesetter’s apprentice. He then began to teach school on Long Island. Bored by this, he began to edit and publish the Long Islander, an area newspaper (Funk 293). But this attempt at a steady job was unsuccessful as well, he then began to write political essays and started to write what would become his life's work Leaves of Grass. He would write various books of poems, most of which would be added to Leaves of Grass, which he re-published nine times. Whitman spent his last days as the sage of Camden, New Jersey, where he died on March 36, 1892 (Magill 406). Walt Whitman, through his admiration for a fallen President, condemnation of war, and his theme of camaraderie, illustrates a definition of patriotism. Walt Whitman was an American, and he loved President Abraham Lincoln. He had the upmost respect for the sixteenth President of the United States. His admiration was shown in his most famous work, O’ Captain, My Captain. This is without a doubt the most popular poem of Whitman’s career. In it, he repeats the word Captain; this word refers to Abraham Lincoln, the fallen President. He uses phrases like â€Å"fallen cold and dead† to tell of the mournful death of Lincoln. Whitman mentions a â€Å"ship†, which is the Union in the Civil War. He also uses the â€Å"voyage† to symbolize the Civil War. The overall mood of this elegy to Lincoln is grievance for the lost loved one of Whitman. He had a deep reverence for the President and it was a great pain for him when Lincoln was assassinated (Whitman 63). Another poem that Whitman wrote, that is famous for its grievance of the fallen Presi... ...d have to be close with those around you. The only way to counteract the horrors of war is the camaraderie of the soldiers, if they developed friendships then they could look past the horrible thing that is war (Magill 406). A patriot is defined as a person who loves his or her country. If there is anyone that has ever lived in this great country that can be called that, then it should be Walt Whitman. Whitman showed his love for his country and his allegiance to his president. One can deny that he is the greatest American poet, but no one can deny that he is a great American patriot. Works Cited Magill, Frank N. ed. Magill’s Critical Survey of Poetry. 7 vols. Englewood Cliffs, 1987. Tucker, Martin ed. Moulton’s Library of Literary Criticism of English and American Authors. The Mid-Nineteenth Century to Edwardianism. Englewood Cliffs, 1975. Unger, Leonard ed. American Writers: A Collection of Literary Biographies. 7 vols. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1974. Whitman, Walt. Drum Taps. Grosset & Dunlap New York: NODATE   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Whitman, Walt. â€Å"Leaves of Grass.† Timeless, Timeless, Themes: The American Experience. Upper Saddle River: Prentice, 2000.

Marketing strategies Essay

Types of strategies Marketing strategies may differ depending on the unique situation of the individual business. However there are a number of ways of categorizing some generic strategies. A brief description of the most common categorizing schemes is presented below: Strategies based on market dominance – In this scheme, firms are classified based on their market share or dominance of an industry. Typically there are four types of market dominance strategies: Leader Challenger Follower Nicher According to Shaw, Eric (2012). Marketing Strategy: From the Origin of the Concept to the Development of a Conceptual Framework. Journal of Historical Research in Marketing., there is a framework for marketing strategies. Market introduction strategies â€Å"At introduction, the marketing strategist has two principle strategies to choose from: penetration or niche† (47). Market growth strategies  Ã¢â‚¬Å"In the early growth stage, the marketing manager may choose from two additional strategic alternatives: segment expansion (Smith, Ansoff) or brand expansion (Borden, Ansoff, Kerin and Peterson, 1978)† (48). Market maturity strategies â€Å"In maturity, sales growth slows, stabilizes and starts to decline. In early  maturity, it is common to employ a maintenance strategy (BCG), where the firm maintains or holds a stable marketing mix† (48). Market decline strategies At some point the decline in sales approaches and then begins to exceed costs. And not just accounting costs, there are hidden costs as well; as Kotler (1965, p. 109) observed: ‘No financial accounting can adequately convey all the hidden costs.’ At some point, with declining sales and rising costs, a harvesting strategy becomes unprofitable and a divesting strategy necessary† (49). Early marketing strategy concepts were: Borden’s â€Å"marketing mix†Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"In his classic Harvard Business Review (HBR) article of the marketing mix, Borden (1964) credits James Culliton in 1948 with describing the marketing executive as a ‘decider’ and a ‘mixer of ingredients.’ This led Borden, in the early 1950s, to the insight that what this mixer of ingredients was deciding upon was a ‘marketing mix'† (34). Smith’s â€Å"differentiation and segmentation strategies† â€Å"In product differentiation, according to Smith (1956, p. 5), a firm tries ‘bending the will of demand to the will of supply.’ That is, distinguishing or differentiating some aspect(s) of its marketing mix from those of competitors, in a mass market or large segment, where customer preferences are relatively homogeneous (or heterogeneity is ignored, Hunt, 2011, p. 80), in an attempt to shift its aggregate demand curve to the left (greater quantity sold for a given price) and make it more inelastic (less amenable to substitutes). With segmentation, a firm recognizes that it faces multiple demand curves, because customer preferences are heterogeneous, and focuses on serving one or more specific target segments within the overall market† (35). Dean’s â€Å"skimming and penetration strategies† â€Å"With skimming, a firm introduces a product with a high price and after milking the least price sensitive segment, gradually reduces price, in a stepwise fashion, tapping effective demand at each price level. With penetration pricing a firm continues its initial low price from introduction  to rapidly capture sales and market share, but with lower profit margins than skimming† (37). Forrester’s â€Å"product life cycle (PLC)† â€Å"The PLC does not offer marketing strategies, per se; rather it provides an overarching framework from which to choose among various strategic alternatives† (38). There are also corporate strategy concepts like: Andrews’ â€Å"SWOT analysis† â€Å"Although widely used in marketing strategy, SWOT (also known as TOWS) Analysis originated in corporate strategy. The SWOT concept, if not the acronym, is the work of Kenneth R. Andrews who is credited with writing the text portion of the classic: Business Policy: Text and Cases (Learned et al., 1965)† (41). Ansoff’s â€Å"growth strategies† â€Å"The most well-known, and least often attributed, aspect of Igor Ansoff’s Growth Strategies in the marketing literature is the term ‘product-market.’ The product-market concept results from Ansoff juxtaposing new and existing products with new and existing markets in a two by two matrix† (41-42). Porter’s â€Å"generic strategies† Porter generic strategies – strategy on the dimensions of strategic scope and strategic strength. Strategic scope refers to the market penetration while strategic strength refers to the firm’s sustainable competitive advantage. The generic strategy framework (porter 1984) comprises two alternatives each with two alternative scopes. These are Differentiation and low-cost leadership each with a dimension of Focus-broad or narrow. ** Product differentiation ** Cost leadership ** Market segmentation * Innovation strategies — This deals with the firm’s rate of the new product development and business model innovation. It asks whether the company is on the cutting edge of technology and business innovation. There are three types: ** Pioneers ** Close followers ** Late followers * Growth strategies — In this scheme we ask the question, â€Å"How should the firm grow?†. There are a number of different ways of answering that question, but the most common gives four answers: Horizontal integration Vertical integration Diversification Intensification These ways of growth are termed as organic growth. Horizontal growth is whereby a firm grows towards acquiring other businesses that are in the same line of business for example a clothing retail outlet acquiring a food outlet. The two are in the retail establishments and their integration lead to expansion. Vertical integration can be forward or backward. Forward integration is whereby a firm grows towards its customers for example a food manufacturing firm acquiring a food outlet. Backward integration is whereby a firm grows towards its source of supply for example a food outlet acquiring a food manufacturing outlet. A more detailed scheme uses the categoriesMiles, Raymond (2003). Organizational Strategy, Structure, and Process. Stanford: Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-4840-3.: Prospector Analyzer Defender Reactor Marketing warfare strategies – This scheme draws parallels between marketing strategies and military strategies. BCG’s â€Å"growth-share portfolio matrix† â€Å"Based on his work with experience curves (that also provides the rationale for Porter’s low cost leadership strategy), the growth-share matrix was originally created by Bruce D. Henderson, CEO of the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) in 1968 (according to BCG history). Throughout the 1970s, Henderson expanded upon the concept in a series of short (one to three page) articles in the BCG newsletter titled Perspectives (Henderson, 1970, 1972, 1973, 1976a, b). Tremendously popular among large multi-product firms, the BCG portfolio matrix was popularized in the marketing literature by Day (1977)† (45).

Segregation and Racism in the United States Essay - 784 Words

Just fifty years ago, America was a society of segregation and racism. The dictionary defines racism as â€Å"the belief that a particular race is superior to another.† Although it is clear times have changed, racism is still seen in modern american society. It’s also clear that relationships between African Americans and whites are generally better than they were in the forties and fifties. Today, it is rare to witness a black man walk down the street and step off the sidewalk to let a white man walk by, or to see a black man sitting on a different section of the bus or train because a white man told him he has too. But superiority of races is still happening. A lot of this has the do with the ignorance of others. Passed down generation to†¦show more content†¦According to the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendments, blacks had the same legal protection as whites. The Supreme Court contradicted this when they allowed so called â€Å"restrictions† in the South against blacks. Those who supported Jim Crow generally lived in the South. They believed that whites were above the blacks, in things ranging from intelligence to morality. They thought sexual relations between the two races would ruin the nation, and violence could be used on blacks if needed. So, hospitals, beaches, parks, prisons, public restrooms and even water fountains were separated by color of skin. In certain areas, there weren’t even facilities for colored people (Pilgrim). African Americans also had to treat whites with respect, whereas whites did not have to, and most of the time would not treat the blacks the same. Blacks had to use titles when speaking to whites, they could not eat with the whites, and black men could not offer to shake a white mans hand. Preachers did not help with the problem, but in some situations made it worse. They would preach that God supported segregation, â€Å"the whites were the chosen people, and Blacks were servants † (Pilgrim). Violent rages began during the time of Jim Crow. The laws didn’t prevent one race from hurting another for reasons that are not acceptable. Lynching was the biggest form of violence, and mainly, blacks were the ones targeted. Lynching is the â€Å"public, murder carried out by mobs† (Pilgrim).Show MoreRelatedRacism : Nelson Mandela, Former President Of South Africa1523 Words   |  7 Pageslove comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite† (Nelson Mandela Museum). Racism has been at the forefront of debates since the Nineteenth century and has spread throughout the United States, creating outrage, violence, and political reform. Racism has been the main cause behind many major organizations in this country, some even political. 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